Bibliography

Sources cited and consulted in Counting Lives.

121 items

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    Disaggregation Now! Women's demand for individual Benefit assessment

  2. Supplementary Benefits Commission, (1971)

    Cohabitation: The administration of the relevant Provisions of the Supplementary Benefits Act 1966

  3. Child Poverty Action Group, (1971)

    The Wage Stop: Poverty by Official Policy

  4. Board of Supervision, (1845)

    Records of the <span class="nocase">Board of Supervision</span> for the <span class="nocase">Relief of the Poor in Scotland</span>

  5. Supplementary Benefits Commission, (1967)

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  6. Crofting Commission, (2022)

    Annual report and accounts 2021–22

  7. Office of Population Censuses and Surveys, (1973)

    The general household survey: Introductory report

  8. Ministry of Labour, (1957)

    Family expenditure survey 1957: First report

  9. War Cabinet, (1941)

    Establishment of the Central Statistical Office

  10. Ministry of Social Security, (1966)

    Ministry of Social Security Act 1966 and related parliamentary proceedings

  11. House of Commons, (1972)

    Debate on the Wage Stop

  12. House of Lords, (1968)

    Debate on the Highlands and Islands: Employment and welfare

  13. House of Commons, (1960)

    Debate on National Insurance for seasonal and agricultural workers

  14. Unknown (1986)

    Social Security Act 1986

  15. Parliament, U. (1845)

    Poor Law amendment (Scotland) Act 1845

  16. Unknown (1948)

    National Assistance Act 1948

  17. Parliament, U. (1971)

    Family Income Supplements Act 1971

  18. Unknown (1886)

    Crofters' Holdings (Scotland) Act 1886

  19. Institute for Fiscal Studies, (2023)

    Means-testing and the legacy of the Beveridge settlement

  20. Unknown (1959)

    Pensionsstriden

  21. Wikipedia, (1957)

    ATP-frågan: Sources on the swedish supplementary pension debate and 1957 referendum

  22. Titmuss, R. (1958)

    Essays on “The Welfare State”

    Allen and Unwin

  23. Palme, J. (2005)

    Features of the swedish pension reform

    The Japanese Journal of Social Security Policy

  24. Myrdal, A. (1941)

    Nation and family: The swedish experiment in democratic family and population policy

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  25. Myrdal & Myrdal (1934)

    Kris i befolkningsfrågan

    Albert Bonniers Förlag

  26. Marshall, T. (1950)

    Citizenship and social class and other essays

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  27. Hacking, I. (1986)

    Making up people

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  28. Fraser, N. (1994)

    After the family wage: Gender equity and the welfare state

    Political Theory

  29. Abel-Smith & Townsend (1965)

    The poor and the poorest: a new analysis of the <span class="nocase">Ministry of Labour's</span> Family Expenditure Surveys of 1953–54 and 1960

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  30. Kevles, D. (1995)

    In the name of eugenics: Genetics and the uses of human heredity

    Harvard University Press

  31. Pearson & Moul (1925)

    PROBLEM OF ALIEN IMMIGRATION

    Annals of Eugenics

  32. Unknown (1925)

    Problem of Alien Immigration

    Annals of Eugenics

  33. Pearson & Moul (1925)

    The Problem of Alien Immigration into Great Britain, Illustrated by an Examination of Russian and Polish Jewish Children

    Annals of Eugenics

  34. Lee & Pearson (1901)

    V. Data for the problem of evolution in man.—VI. A first study of the correlation of the human skull

    Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, Series A: Containing Papers of a Mathematical or Physical Character

  35. Desrosières, A. (1998)

    The politics of large numbers: a history of statistical reasoning

    Harvard University Press

  36. Unknown (n.d.)

    The politics of large numbers : a history of statistical reasoning - University of Edinburgh

  37. Galton, F. (n.d.)

    Inquiries into human faculty and its development

  38. Haddon & Browne (1890)

    Anthropometric surveys in ireland and the british isles

  39. Tucker, W. (2002)

    The funding of scientific racism: Wickliffe draper and the pioneer fund

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  40. Gould, S. (1981)

    The mismeasure of man

    W. W. Norton

  41. MacKenzie, D. (1981)

    Statistics in britain, 1865–1930: The social construction of scientific knowledge

    Cambridge University Press

  42. Mazumdar, P. (1980)

    The eugenists and the residuum: The problem of the urban poor

    Bulletin of the History of Medicine

  43. Spearman, C. (1904)

    "General Intelligence", objectively determined and measured

    American Journal of Psychology

  44. Pearson & Lee (1903)

    On the laws of inheritance in man: I. Inheritance of physical characters

    Biometrika

  45. Pearson, K. (1896)

    Mathematical contributions to the theory of evolution. III. Regression, heredity, and panmixia

    Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series A

  46. Quetelet, A. (1835)

    Sur l'homme et le développement de ses facultés, ou essai de physique sociale

    Bachelier

  47. Galton, F. (1873)

    Africa for the chinese

    The Times

  48. Galton, F. (1897)

    The average contribution of each several ancestor to the total heritage of the offspring

    Proceedings of the Royal Society of London

  49. Galton, F. (1884)

    The anthropometric laboratory

  50. Galton, F. (1869)

    Hereditary genius: An inquiry into its laws and consequences

    Macmillan

  51. Hacking, Ian, (n.d.)

    Making Up People

    Stanford University Press, 1986, pp. 222-236

  52. Harris, J. (1997)

    William Beveridge: a biography

    Clarendon Press

  53. Oakley, A. (2023)

    Forgotten wives: how women get written out of history

    Policy Press

  54. Townsend, P. (1979)

    Poverty in the United Kingdom: a survey of household resources and standards of living

    University of California Press

  55. Scott, J. (2020)

    Seeing like a state: how certain schemes to improve the human condition have failed

    Yale University Press

  56. Porter, T. (2020)

    Trust in numbers: the pursuit of objectivity in science and public life

    Princeton University Press

  57. Borch, K. (1968)

    The Economics of Uncertainty. (PSME-2)

    Princeton University Press

  58. Rowntree & Lavers (1951)

    Poverty and the welfare state: a third social survey of york dealing only with economic questions

    Longmans, Green

  59. Rowntree, B. (1941)

    Poverty and progress: a second social survey of york

    Longmans, Green

  60. Rowntree, B. (1901)

    Poverty: a study of town life

    Macmillan

  61. Orshansky, M. (1988)

    Commentary: The poverty measure

    Social Security Bulletin

  62. Orshansky & Fendler (1979)

    Improving the poverty definition

  63. Orshansky et al. (1978)

    Measuring poverty: a debate

    Public Welfare

  64. U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, (1976)

    The measure of poverty, technical paper I

    U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare

  65. Orshansky, M. (1976)

    Memorandum for dr. Daniel P. Moynihan — subject: History of the poverty line

    U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare

  66. Orshansky, M. (1969)

    How poverty is measured

    Monthly Labor Review

  67. Philip, J. (1942)

    Statistical work for the beveridge report

  68. Beveridge, W. (1942)

    Social insurance and allied services (the beveridge report)

  69. University of Chicago Library, (2009)

    Guide to the margaret G. Reid papers, 1904–1990

  70. Reid, M. (1934)

    Economics of household production

  71. Hunter College, (1888)

    Home economics in a liberal arts college

  72. U.S. Census Bureau, (2011)

    The supplemental poverty measure: 2011

  73. Bureau of the Budget, (1969)

    Official poverty thresholds and CPI indexing decision

  74. Fisher, G. (1997)

    The development of the orshansky poverty thresholds and their subsequent history as the official U.S. poverty measure

  75. United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, (1955)

    Household food consumption survey, 1955, report no. 1

  76. United States Department of Agriculture, (1961)

    USDA economy food plan (1961 methodology)

  77. Orshansky, M. (1963)

    Children of the poor

    Social Security Bulletin

  78. Heller, W. (n.d.)

  79. Heller, W. (1963)

    Memorandum on Poverty and the $3,000 Line

  80. Unknown (n.d.)

    The Family Income Supplements Act 1970 (Commencement) Order 1971

    King's Printer of Acts of Parliament

  81. Participation, E. (n.d.)

    National Assistance Act 1948

    Statute Law Database

  82. Participation, E. (n.d.)

    Crofters Holdings (Scotland) Act 1886

    Statute Law Database

  83. Unknown (n.d.)

    Local Government (Scotland) Act 1894

    King's Printer of Acts of Parliament

  84. Unknown (n.d.)

    Social Security Act 1986

    Statute Law Database

  85. London Women's Liberation Campaign for Legal and Financial Independence and Rights of Women, (1979)

    Disaggregation Now! Another Battle for Women's Independence

    Feminist Review

  86. Wooldridge, A. (1994)

    Measuring the Mind: Education and Psychology in England c.1860–c.1990

    Cambridge University Press

  87. Unknown (2026)

    What Is PGT-P? Polygenic Embryo Screening Explained

  88. Herrnstein & Murray (2010)

    The Bell Curve: Intelligence and Class Structure in American Life

    Simon and Schuster

  89. Hearnshaw, L. (1979)

    Cyril Burt, psychologist

    Ithaca, N.Y. : Cornell University Press

  90. Kamin, L. (1974)

    The Science and Politics of I.Q.

    L. Erlbaum Associates

  91. Klipstein et al. (2026)

    Use of preimplantation genetic testing for polygenic disorders (PGT-P): an Ethics Committee opinion

    Fertility and Sterility

  92. Fischer et al. (2020)

    Inequality by Design: Cracking the Bell Curve Myth

    Princeton University Press

  93. Mackintosh, N. (1995)

    Cyril BurtFraud or Framed?

    Oxford University Press

  94. Burt, C. (1966)

    THE GENETIC DETERMINATION OF DIFFERENCES IN INTELLIGENCE: A STUDY OF MONOZYGOTIC TWINS REARED TOGETHER AND APART

    British Journal of Psychology

  95. Unknown (1925)

    PROBLEM OF ALIEN IMMIGRATION

    Annals of Eugenics

  96. Joseph, K. (1972)

    Speech to the Pre-School Playgroups Association

  97. United Kingdom Parliament, (n.d.)

  98. Unknown (n.d.)

    Speech by Sir Keith Joseph, Secretary of State for Social Services 'The Cycle of Deprivation' with covering letter

  99. Booth, C. (1889)

    Life and Labour of the People

  100. Unknown (n.d.)

    Wood Report (1929)

  101. Galton, F. (1909)

    Essays in eugenics

  102. Galton, F. (1883)

    Inquiries into Human Faculty and Its Development

  103. Becchio, G. (2020)

    A History of Feminist and Gender Economics

  104. Goldstein, C. (2014)

    Creating Consumers

    The University of North Carolina Press

  105. Philippy, D. (2021)

    ELLEN RICHARDS’S HOME ECONOMICS MOVEMENT AND THE BIRTH OF THE ECONOMICS OF CONSUMPTION

    Journal of the History of Economic Thought

  106. Unknown (n.d.)

    Benefit and pension rates 2025 to 2026

  107. Reid, M. (n.d.)

    Economics of household production

  108. Bureau, U. (n.d.)

    How the Census Bureau Measures Poverty

  109. Unknown (n.d.)

    An Introduction to Poverty Measurement

  110. Unknown (2026)

    Annual Update of the HHS Poverty Guidelines

  111. Orshansky, M. (1965)

    Counting the Poor: Another Look at the Poverty Profile

    Social Security Bulletin

  112. Makar et al. (1975)

    Formate assay in body fluids: application in methanol poisoning

    Biochemical Medicine

  113. Thornton & Harrison (1975)

    Letter: Duration of action of AH8165

    British Journal of Anaesthesia

  114. Stone, D. (1994)

    Making the Poor Count

  115. Unknown (2013)

    Mollie Orshansky, Statistician, Dies at 91 - New York Times

  116. Fisher, G. (n.d.)

    The Development of the Orshansky Poverty Thresholds and Their Subsequent History as the Official U.S. Poverty Measure

  117. Unknown (n.d.)

    Remembering Mollie Orshansky—The Developer of the Poverty Thresholds

  118. Unknown (n.d.)

    The Measure of Poverty

  119. Unknown (n.d.)

    A Chronological Bibliography of Mollie Orshansky’s Publications

  120. Mazzucato, M. (n.d.)

    The Value of Everything: Making and Taking in the Global Economy

  121. Collective et al. (n.d.)

    The Care Manifesto